If you need remote ECMO / Air Ambulance services, please click below.
What is ECMO ?
ECMO stands for Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation. It was introduced in the early 1970 as a recognised treatment for severe forms of respiratory (lung) and cardiac (heart) failure. Today it is an option for rescuing ARDS, cardiac arrest, poisoning, sepsis,post cardiac stunning, etc.
It is an artificial life-saving machine that attaches a circuit (artificial lung and heart) in parallel with our body's circulation. It is usually used by medical professionals to support a failing heart and lungs, without which life cannot be sustained. In short, it is a life-saving machine with many indications.
How worthful is ECMO ?
ECMO is a rescue therapy for various indications. It is usually offered to patients who have no hope of conventional treatment options. With ECMO, the chances of survival increase to 45-55% according to international statistics. This figure can vary depending on the different conditions in which we start ECMO. This is decided by the treating physician based on various factors.To make a long story short: ECMO is the only light at the end of the tunnel.
Why is ECMO so expensive ?
ECMO is no longer a new science, it is now established as a proven therapy for so many indications. There are many reasons why it is costly for the patient and also for the hospital. This is mainly due to the cost of equipment, the lack of expertise, the cost of reusable materials, the cost of monitoring (many staff and monitors are needed) and investigations. Most ECMO patients have to be treated with highly effective antibiotics due to their critical condition, which is costly for the patient's family.
In the near future, the cost of ECMO may decrease with the introduction of newer equipment.
How long does my patient need ECMO ?
It is very difficult to determine the exact time frame. Generally, patients with VV ECMO recover in 3-4 weeks and with VA ECMO in 7- 10 days. But this is still a very general statement. It depends on various factors such as the time of ECMO initiation, stage of disease, recovery, patient's infection status and aetiology, etc. The time frame given above is an average value from a large number of cases performed and reported worldwide so far.
Why do I need several blood transfusions during ECMO ?
Multiple blood transfusions and blood products are needed during any type of ECMO because it is an extracorporeal system where the circuit itself consumes blood and its components, as well as severe infections, bleeding, etc. It leads to further loss of blood and blood components.
When should you undergo a transplant ?
If the organs do not recover despite a long wait and the patient cannot be separated from ECMO, your attending physician will arrange for a transplant in the best interest of the patient. However, several factors must be balanced for a successful transplant. The transplant team will assess your patient and inform you of the requirements.